sudan savanna in nigeria

This type of vegetation can be found further in the inland far beyond tidal waters. The baobabs are very common, and its difficult to imagine the Sudan savanna without them. Groups of trees rise above the grassy sea: drought-resistant kaya, isoberlinia, mitragina. The northern reaches of the Sudan comprise the semiarid region known as the Sahel. These trees are classified into the top, middle and lower layers based on the level of the forest where they exist. The farmers there grow crops that can yield and produce well during drought and dry seasons. The grass reaches a great height, in which not only a man, but also a large animal can hide. The white acacia tree leaves on the other hand always serve as feed for ruminant animals. Here is what we know, 2023 presidency: Peter Obi talks tough, insists on reclaiming mandate, "Roof-tearing and heartwarming": Talented children do tough break dance invented by Michael Jackson, "What am I seeing?" This vegetation type can be found in areas such as Sapele, Lekki, and Badagry. Vegetation belts in Nigeria reflect the tight link between the vegetation and the countrys climate: Below there is the map of Nigeria showing vegetation belts. A very good example of this type of vegetation is the type found in the East of Lagos. The Savannah is the second biggest type of vegetation found in Nigeria. This distinguishing feature makes it a perfect choice for rich crops and even small grains. This situation thereby leads to a reduction in the forest growth in that vegetation zone. Poaching of wildlife, for example elephants, is particularly pronounced in politically unstable areas such as South Sudan. The wetland has a unique assemblage of plant and animal species that are important for the maintenance of biological diversity. Some sections of the montane area are also utilized by commercial cattle farmers. Some of the zones are significantly larger than others, with some being more human-friendly than others. These are the so-called dry tropical forests. This vegetation zone can be seen in the Niger-Benue stretch system of South-West Nigeria. On the other side of Lake Chad, on the contrary, reeds and papyrus grow thickly. This savanna does not have an adequate amount of rainfall. Ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Physical Development. Savanna or Sudan climate is a transitional type of climate found between the equatorial forests & trade wind hot deserts. During the dry season the ground dries out, most of the trees lose their leaves and the grasses dry up and may burn. The types of savanna in Nigeria would be addressed below: The Sudan savanna is a type of savanna found in Nigeria. And this is responsible for the low vegetation in these areas. the largest found in the rainforest is luxuriant. This type of Savannah is found in the northern belt of the country. The states of Edo, Lagos and Cross River are partly in this ecological region. Food like maize, rice, groundnut, and millet are grown in this region thereby providing food for humans. The principal rivers include the Sngal and the Niger, draining to the Atlantic, and the Nile and its tributaries, which derive much of their water from areas beyond the Sudan region. Forest vegetation has trees as the most important feature. Want to learn more about the fascinating species, diverse ecosystems, and natural wonders of the Earth? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Lake Turkana-Sudd Grasslands, Bushlands & Forests (AT21). We're sorry, but in order to log in and use all the features of this website, you will need to enable JavaScript in your browser. The Sahel savanna is known to have trees with relatively narrow leaves. The ecoregion is a hot, dry and wooded savanna, south of the Sahel. The raffia palm is a common feature of this vegetation type but in areas where the drainage system is better, bigger trees like Oil palm and iroko can be found. These comprise the Short Grass Savannah, Woodlands, and Marginal Savannah. Sudan savanna vegetation zones of Nigeria This zone is covered with more grasses and short scattered trees and has an annual rainfall of 50 cm to 75 cm. Legit.ng recently explored the main economic problems plaguing Nigeria. This zone is potentially perfect for growing of rich crops of different vegetables and small grain crops, and just a good place for pastures. Farms And Ranches For Sale Near To Bryan, Tx, Postprocedural Hyperparathyroidism Icd-10. As a result, Nigeria has different vegetation, each of which has unique features. This is because the dry grass is being burned, which is done yearly to prepare the land for crops. Vegetation zones in Nigeria As mentioned in the previous lesson, Nigeria is a state of forests and savannas. The soil of BUK site was sandy loam of the pH 6.5, Organic matter content 7.9 g kg-1 The Sudan Savannah zone is found in the Northwest stretching from the Sokoto plains in the West, through the Northern sections of the Central highland. This method is not only labour intensive, expensive and strenuous, but can also cause mechanical damage to growing branches and roots of plants. INTRODUCTION. Ondo, Kwara, Osun, and Oyo states, some Southwestern states are the states where the Guinea savanna can be found in Nigeria. Havana without baobabs. Crop cultivation in this vegetation zone is nearly impossible due to the amount of rainfall recover yearly. The independent Republic of the Sudan was created in 1956. Spatial patterns of climatic variability and water budget over Sudan Savannah Region of Nigeria. The geography of the Sudan Savanna makes it very suitable for both animal and crop production. Farms And Ranches For Sale Near To Bryan, Tx, Rafia gives fiber piassava, going to the manufacture of brushes and paint brushes. After the Nubian empire had been overrun by Muslims, it was replaced by kingdoms such as those of Dongola, Darfur, and Funj. It is recognizable by the tall elephant grass where many large mammals are found. In the Sahel savanna, animals like antelope, Buffalo, elephants, bush cows, and others can be found. [5], https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sudanian_savanna&oldid=1152607023, This page was last edited on 1 May 2023, at 07:19. Having a hot semi-arid climate, it stretches across the south-central latitudes of Northern Africa between the Atlantic Ocean and the Red Sea. Nigeria is situated in the area where the climate is usually the training period and dry season. Some trees shed their leaves in the dry season. Early and extra-early maturing varieties are strongly recommended for the Sudan savanna because of the low amount and duration of rainfall in the zone. The flagship species of the East Sudanian Savanna ecoregion is the giant eland. Here, short grass abounds but trees are much fewer than that of the Guinea Savannah. The savanna region in Nigeria plays a vital role in the Nigerian economy. On The Run: Essential Strategies For Marketing Your New Fitness Gym. The Sudan savanna is home to grazing animals. The northern reaches of the Sudan comprise the semiarid region known as the Sahel. The Sahel savannah has the most severe vegetation in the country since it is mostly desert. It is confined within the tropics (Tropic of Cancer & Tropic of Capricorn) & is best developed in Sudan, where dry & wet climate are most distinct, hence Abnormal haemoglobins in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. The soil in this vegetation is very salty and extremely unsuitable for plant growth. The trees and plants then blossom at the absorption of the first rain of the year. These forests are mainly found on the lower parts of a river or freshwater lakes in many different regions having a wide range of climate types. You can find guinea fowl, Snakes, deer, grasshoppers, and rats in the Guinea savanna. The Montane vegetation zone is a type of vegetation that grows in high mountainous regions. This type of vegetation is dependent on the coastal location of the zone. Also, many scoter, majestic flamingos, kingfishers, and lazy pelicans. Areas covered by this vegetation type receive little rainfall to support plant growth. Register or login to receive notifications when there's a reply to your comment or update on this information. Typically, the soil in the mangrove zone is extremely poor and contains huge amounts of salt. Constant cutting and burning out of crop plots led to a drastic reduction in the area of forests that now occupy about one-third of the territory. Other trees that one can find in the Guinea savanna include Afzelia Africana, slide, vitex doniana, hymenocardia, and Daniellia oliveri. There are many birds of prey, especially black African kites, there is also a bird-secretary, vultures, hawks, a rhinoceros bird. During the hottest part of the dry season, the fire occurs burning the dry grasses and thus preparing the land for the plants that would be planted. The grasses present here are extremely short. When classifying the trees in this area, some of them, like the drought-resistant kaya, Isoberlinia, and mitragina, stand above the grasses. The Guinean forest-savanna mosaic. About 68% of all fields sampled were infested, about 75% of compound fields and 60% of bush fields. In most parts of Borno State, rainfall is unreliable and frequently less and poorly distributed for a good cowpea crop. As mentioned in the previous lesson, Nigeria is a state of forests and savannas. Farther away from the inhabited places we can find a scaly anteater and large buffalo herds graze. On average, this zone has about 1000-1400 mm of precipitation yearly. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 116(3-4), 251-254. Usually, the types of plants that grow in a country depend on its climate zones. The Sudan savannah is a type of vegetation in the north of the Guinea savanna. Abnormal haemoglobins in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. A distinctive appearance of the landscape is given by different types of acacia with an umbellate crown and thorny bushes. Some of them have twisted trunks from fires that happen yearly. In guinea savannah, you will mostly see elephant grass. Flora, fauna and other forms of life such as fungi are collectively referred to as biota. States: Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, Sudan, South Sudan, Uganda, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Eritrea. The vegetation in this zone largely depends on the coastal location of the region. Characteristics of. This is grassland zone but the slopes are covered by forests. It is a very good location for pastures and also for growing different vegetables and small grain crops. The dominant species found here are climbing plants. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); hussaini dris marke call me engineer class of 2k21 at gstc ringim. We may share your site usage data with our social media, advertising, and analytics partners for these reasons. It lies between latitudes 19.06 0 N and 10.05 0 N and longitudes 5.32 0 E and 10.10 0 E at an altitude range of 250m and 461m. Parasitism of crop plants by Striga species is a major constraint in the savanna zones of West Africa. Nigerian Sudan Savanna Zone is situated between latitudes 93 and 1231 N and longitudes 4 and 143 E which covers about 22.8 million hectares representing about one quarter of Nigeria's geographical area (Manyong et al., 1995).The region is characterized by high annual average temperature (28-32C), short wet season and long dry season (6-9 months), abundant short . These crops include corn, millet, groundnut, and sorghum, among others. Freshwater is abundant in this area. The Sahel savannah covers an area of 31,468 km 2, where some of the species were also threatened in parks and fetish channels arising from remarkable reasons, which bans the cutting down of some species such as Adansonia digitata, Tamarindus indica, Acacia senegal and Faidherbia albida [ 6 ]. For the purposes of this article, the Arid Zone of Northern Nigeria, North Gameroons and the Sudan may be broadly delimited as those parts of these countries lying between the latitudes 12 to 16 N and the longitudes 5 to 35 E (Fig. Leaves of the raffia palm are used for roofing houses while its trunks are used by rafters. The Sahel, a belt of drier grasslands and acacia savannas, lies to the north, between the Sudanian savanna and the Sahara Desert. In this type of vegetation, you will see trees between 40 and 45 meters tall, forming the first upper tier. Dominant grasses include tall species of Hyparrhenia, Cymbopogon, Echinochloa, Sorghum, and Pennisetum. The trees are usually tall and in the middle layer of this vegetation the tree has branches and has an average height of 30m. Also, there is less humidity, and the soil is drier. There are a good number of protected areas, however, many are not adequately enforced or policed. This is mostly on the eastern edge of Taraba State, close to the Cameroonian border. Nigeria has trees on its coastal South where rainfall is higher, usually above 1600mm per annum. The vegetation belt in Nigeria is divided into two: the forest and savannah ecological zones. [2], The Sudanian savanna is characterized by the coexistence of trees and grasses. This blog post serves as a guide to the countrys different vegetation zones and their distinguishing characteristics. This vegetation zone can be likened to the storehouse of biological diversity that serves as a suitable habitat for plants and some rare, endangered animals. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan-region-Africa. During these fire outbreaks, it is only the parts of the grasses on the earths surface that get affected by the fire. 1. vegetation-type known as derived savanna. African Tribe: The Dinka People Of South Sudan. 4. The trees here grow up to a height of about 15m. . In the first half of the dry season the savanna looks lifeless, the trees stand bare. The vegetation is characterized by desert. It covers an area less than two kilometers in width. The ecoregion is flat, mainly lying between 200 m and 1,000 m in altitude.