example of uneven development ap human geography example of uneven development ap human geography

Development levels differ around the world. Create and find flashcards in record time. Possible Answers: Promoting sustainable agriculture: This can involve using sustainable farming practices that minimize the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, conserve water, and protect soil health. I. Aid is the transfer of money, goods and expertise to assist the development of LICs and improve the quality of life. 2-41) of the AP Human Geography textbook A link to the Pdf file of this chapter is posted below for you to reference until the textbooks are distributed: As a result, these countries have become heavily dependent on exports to the U.S. and have become vulnerable to fluctuations in the U.S. economy. Some countries are much richer and much more powerful than others. For instance, in areas without access to clean water, people may spend significant time and effort collecting water, reducing their ability to pursue education or other economic opportunities. An example of its impact on language diversity is the spread of English as a global language, which has led to the loss of other languages and dialects. Uneven nature of growth creates a spatial gap . Economic benefits: Ecotourism can provide economic opportunities for local communities, such as employment and income generation. Answer: Climate change can impact population growth by leading to increased food and water insecurity, which can exacerbate conflicts and displacement. Removing large debts that have built up over time. activities that directly extract materials from the Earth. (B) Explain how ethnicity can be a factor that leads to the devolution of a state. This can occur due to a variety of factors, including technological change, globalization, and shifts in consumer demand. G) Explain the concept of a sustainable city and identify two features of a city that would make it more sustainable. the environmental impact of globalization and industrialization in various regions of the planet, the social impact of the modern cultural hearths of North America, East Asia, and western Europe, the division of the world into centers of pop culture diffusion, local cultural holdfasts, and a combination of the two. 3) Takeoff stage - Introduction and rapid growth (industrial revolution) of manufacturing industries, better infrastructure, financial investment, and cultural change The idea that resources come from the periphery and go to the core. Take a look at the Closing the Development Gap explanation for more on this topic. What exactly does this mean? Students cultivate their understanding of human geography through data and geographic analyses as they explore topics like patterns and spatial organization, human impacts and interactions with their environment, and spatial processes and societal changes. We can also look at development on a scale. A classic example of this that is mentioned often is the Rust Belt experience of the Midwest. *Schemes are not always appropriate and not always sustainable long term because of lack of local knowledge. F) Explain the concept of assimilation and describe one example of a policy or program designed to promote assimilation among migrants. B) Describe two social consequences of urbanization, providing an example of each. Includes retailing, tourism, entertainment, communications, government, and semi-public services (Health, Education, and Utilities). Cities have wealthier people and a larger middle class in China and Japan, for example. (B) Explain the difference between a nation and a state. Examples: lawyers, scientific companies, etc. Sustainable Development Goals The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all. Answer: A sustainable city is a city that is designed to meet the needs of its residents while also protecting the environment and conserving resources for future generations. Fig. Making items for profit. Development classifications are set forever. To help you organize your studies, we've provided concise summaries and key terms for each AP Human Geography unit. =)=\infty)=). For example, droughts and other extreme weather events can lead to crop failures, which can increase food prices and make it difficult for some people to access basic necessities. Development" section in the AP Human Geography Course Description, which includes "accounts of . 1) Traditional society - Based on subsistence farming, fishing, forestry, and some mining {|gbG]:$rQ*;589DU@)~?TyLo b\.z (Xzb;;c8{/@d!Z"t?SSnw*L.?Spm8SpO0R;/_v$dKllt34`4;ov+m} This shift is characterized by the use of advanced technologies, such as automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence, as well as the increasing importance of knowledge-based activities, such as design, research, and development. This can be economic, social, political, and/or environmental. Reduce child mortality. Demand and prices can change for these products; if there is an increased supply of the raw materials, then the price will be much lower. For example: In Rostow's model uneven global development can be lessened, but in Wallerstein's model uneven global development is a basic characteristic of the world system. Environmental determinists believe that ecological, climatic, and geographical factors alone are responsible for human cultures and individual decisions . Natural disasters can also hinder development, as well as water insecurity. What demographic equation is used to determine natural increase? Answer: Two economic consequences of migration include increased remittances and potential job displacement. This allows the car manufacturer to reduce the amount of storage space and capital that it needs to hold inventory, and also reduces the risk of parts becoming obsolete or damaged while in storage. examples - uneven development - AP Human Geography - 9 Name_____ Connections: Diffusion Assimilation Acculturation . Answer: Language can be used to promote cultural identity and unity by serving as a means of communication and connection among members of a particular culture or community. An example of a historical push factor is the Irish potato famine, which led many Irish people to emigrate to other countries. Warmer climates can increase disease prevalence, which can affect the workforce and therefore slow economic development. For example, the growing demand for electronic devices has increased the demand for minerals such as coltan, leading to increased mining in certain African countries. Neocolonialism is a term used to describe the continuing economic and political control of a country by a more powerful outside force, even after the formal end of colonialism. True or false: life expectancy is often higher in LICs. Countries in the semi-periphery are countries that have a standard of living lower than those in the core, but much higher than those in the periphery. They are almost exclusively centers of manufacturing and exporting. At December 31, 2015, the book value of the building was$30 million and its tax basis was $20 million. G) Analyze the effectiveness of one policy or program designed to address resource distribution challenges. Hopefully, this AP Human Geography study guide has helped you understand this concept more clearly so you can apply what you have learned when you take the AP Human Geography Exam. Answer: Language convergence refers to the blending of two or more languages into a new, hybrid language. For example, life expectancy in the UK in 2019 was 81.20 years old. Standards of living. A subdiscipline of geography that seeks to describe and explain the absolute and relative location of economic activities, and the flows of information, raw materials, goods, and people that connect otherwise separate local, regional, and national economies. McDonald's has restaurants in over 100 countries and generates a significant portion of its revenue from international operations. Example: Nepal, A country that has progressed relatively far along a continuum of development. Language is a key aspect of cultural identity and is shaped by a variety of social, historical, and political factors. Many villages in Ghana don't have access to clean water. Example: PPP between Mexico and the US, AP Human Geography Chapter 10 (Development) V, World History and Geography: Modern Times, Tennessee World History and Geography Modern Times. Materials that other things are made from. Have all your study materials in one place. This can be on an economic scale, based upon the general wealth of the country. The SDGs are intended to be integrated and indivisible, meaning that they are interconnected and cannot be achieved in isolation. Example: basic activities- (LDCs) Mining, fishing, farming, logging, forestry, Economic Sector (Manufacturing). Lack of investment By the MDCs continues to keep these countries in poverty Ecotourism can provide economic opportunities for these communities and help to preserve their cultural traditions. Need help reviewing for AP HUG?! Answer: Linguistic imperialism refers to the dominance of one language over others, often as a result of colonialism or globalization. C) Explain two environmental consequences of population growth, providing an example of each. fd.f. This is because the primary objective is to make money from that resource, rather than focusing on ways to improve development. Command economy: A command economy, also known as a planned economy, is one in which the government controls the production and distribution of goods and services. answer choices Image 2 shows an innovation that occurred in the Second Agricultural Revolution, reducing the amount of labor needed and increasing crop yields. A) Define the concept of resource distribution and provide one example of how the uneven distribution of a natural resource can impact economic development. Uneven development describes the way development differs across the world, and takes place at different speeds. Standard of living is the amount of wealth or goods that people have. For example, life expectancy in the UK in 2019 was 81.20 years old. (D) Explain the limitations of communication technology in furthering the goals of devolutionary groups and democracy movements. The Sun Belt is a region of the United States that includes the southeastern and southwestern states and is known for its warm climate and rapid population and economic growth. Wind energy: This type of energy is generated using wind turbines that convert the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity. Push factors are reasons why people want to move away from a country. The Central African Republic has a current life expectancy of 54.022. The monetary worth of what is produced within a country plus income received from investments outside the country. This can occur due to the availability of natural resources, transportation infrastructure, and access to markets. For example, as populations grow, more water may be used for irrigation, leading to increased depletion of water resources. Colonialism refers to the control of countries by another country. The total value of goods and services produced within the borders of a country during a specific time period, usually one year. 0 People usually migrate because of push and pull factors. the division of the world into major economic centers, centers of manufacturing, and extremely poor communities. AP Human Geography Unit 7: Industrial and Economic Development Patterns and Processes March 15, 2023 With so much information to learn and retain as you study for the AP Human Geography Exam, it's important to review effectively. However, this has resulted in a power struggle for control over the countries, resulting in conflict and political instability, hindering development further. There are several key principles of sustainable development, including: Intergenerational equity: This principle refers to the idea that the needs of future generations should be considered when making decisions about the use of natural resources. Answer: A nation refers to a group of people who share a common culture, history, and identity, while a state is a political entity with defined territorial boundaries and a permanent population. The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe the division of the world into three segments. Examples include the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the Galapagos Islands in Ecuador, and the Maldives. d. change in demand Birth plus deaths minus immigration C. Birth plus deaths plus immigration D. Birth plus deaths minus emigration E. Births minus deaths 2. One example of a growth pole is the development of a new port or transportation hub, which can create jobs and stimulate economic development in the surrounding region. Ch 1 Key Issue 2: Why is Each Point on Earth, World History and Geography: Modern Times. Mixed economy: A mixed economy is a hybrid system that combines elements of both market and command economies. (F) Explain the concept of a supranational organization and describe one example of such an organization. We can reduce uneven development by closing the development gap. Which of the following statements is best supported by the images? Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. Governments are often challenged by the devolutionary factors that challenge state sovereignty. Gross National Product (GNP) Having a coastline can mean that countries have good access to sea trade routes, as well as direct industries, such as fishing, which can improve economic growth. processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology: generate more wealth than periphery process in the word economy. In wealthy countries as much as three-quarters (in a few cases close to a hundred percent) of the population is engaged in tertiary and quaternary economic activities. The Demilitarized Zone between North and South Korea. Raw materials are often made into more expensive goods or products in HICs, therefore boosting these economies instead, whilst LICs have to import these expensive goods, so economic growth remains low. Answer: Two environmental consequences of population growth include increased pollution and deforestation. The precautionary principle: This principle states that when there is a risk of serious or irreversible harm to the environment or human health, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason to postpone measures to prevent that harm. Are we all living equally? development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The middle countries (not LDC or MDC)- starting to industrialize. The value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a given time period, usually one year. Countries that have a colonial history have lower development levels today. An example of neocolonialism is the influence of the United States on the economies and governments of Latin American countries. Answer: One example of a policy designed to address the challenges of population growth is family planning programs, which aim to improve access to contraception and reproductive healthcare. (G) Analyze the effectiveness of one policy or program designed to address the challenges of political geography. This decline has been due in part to the outsourcing of manufacturing to countries with lower labor costs, as well as automation and other technological changes that have reduced the need for labor. This allows for the production of customized products with short lead times, and reduces the need for large-scale production runs and mass storage of finished goods. Fig. Birdwatching: This type of ecotourism involves observing and identifying birds in their natural habitat. 1. Promoting social equity: This can involve ensuring access to education, healthcare, and other basic services for all members of society. Wildlife watching: This type of ecotourism involves observing and photographing wildlife in their natural habitat. It forms its own sovereign nation-state predominately made up of the Irish ethnic group. Raw materials are materials that other things are made from. True or false: the development continuum helps to show a scale of development, with the least and most developed countries, and the countries in between. You could find that on Google or in your textbook, but what does that really mean? Natural disasters lcan cause deaths, and are expensive to recover from infrastructurally. An example of this is the use of language policies to promote or suppress the use of certain languages in schools or government, which can affect the power and status of different linguistic groups. Uneven development can result in large health disparities. A Packet made by Mr. Sinn to help you succeed not only on the AP Te. For example, the presence of migrant communities can lead to greater cultural exchange and diversity, but it can also lead to tensions around issues such as language or religion. Urbanization is a global phenomenon that has significant social, economic, and environmental consequences. One historical example of a factor that contributed to population growth is the Industrial Revolution, which led to improvements in public health and increased life expectancy, leading to a population boom. Higher infant mortality rates occur in LICs due to poor sanitation, lack of clean water, and also poor nutrition, caused by the Impacts of Food Insecurity. Economic causes include the cycle of poverty and global trading systems. Uneven development can result in large health disparities. endstream endobj startxref It is physically separate from the rest of the United Kingdom, a multinational state. The portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth's surface, generally through agriculture, although sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry. True or false: tourism brings only positive factors to Tunisia. The dynamic nature of the uneven development process is most pronounced at the urban scale at which capital is most mobile, resulting in, for example, the rapid gentrification (upgrading through the attraction of investment and new middle-class residents) of previously declining inner-city areas. In the poorest parts of the world the vast majority of the population is engaged in primary economic activities like farming, fishing, hunting, and mining. An example of language convergence is Spanglish, which combines elements of Spanish and English to create a distinct dialect that is used in some regions of the United States and Latin America. Answer: Human capital refers to the knowledge, skills, and abilities of individuals that contribute to their productivity and economic success. Answer: Policies or programs designed to address the challenges of political geography can include efforts to promote democratic governance, reduce corruption, and increase transparency in government. Anything not within this line shows the LDCs of the world. The AP Human Geography test is two hours and 15 minutes long. Biomass energy: This type of energy is generated using organic matter, such as wood, crops, and animal waste, as a fuel source. Let's take a look! is a measure of inequality developed by an Italian statistician. It is usually used to measure income inequality, but can be used to measure any form of uneven distribution. f .=80,95d.f.=80,95 percent confidence, c. d.f.=100,95d . (D) Describe one way in which language can be used to promote cultural identity and unity. In the United States, for example, Silicon Valley in CALIFORNIA is a core area where high-technology businesses are clustered. Uneven development can be a direct cause of more people moving away from their home country. A British charity called. Maquiladoras are factories located in developing countries that import raw materials and export finished goods. *Projects are often labour intensive and for the benefit of the local community e.g building a well or repairing irrigation ditches. How do we know if a country is developed? - More developed countries, use the resources of the periphery to continue their success. (E) Analyze the relationship between language and power, providing at least one example of how language has been used to maintain or challenge power structures. Listen to the first 1 minute of the video below. Nations with high population density tend to be poverty-stricken as well, due to too many people in a given area competing for resources (agricultural, financial, etc). (F) Explain how uneven development within a state can act as a centrifugal force. - The data handled by the new technology are recognized as important resource and so efforts are made to manage the data The back-wash effect can be best described as __________. The second sentence says that the people that buy these goods, also known as consumers, buy goods/services that they need and want. Sustainable agriculture and food tourism: This type of ecotourism involves visiting farms, wineries, and other food and drink producers to learn about sustainable agriculture practices and to taste local produce. the Endangered Languages Program (ELP)), promote bilingual education, or support the development of language revitalization programs in indigenous communities. These sources are considered renewable because they are not depleted when used, unlike fossil fuels, which are finite resources that will eventually be depleted. An example of how it can be used to manipulate political outcomes is the drawing of congressional districts in the United States, where the boundaries of districts are often manipulated to create safe seats for one party or the other. Everything you need for your studies in one place. This can lead to debates around issues such as the rights of migrants, the role of borders in defining national identity, and the tension between national security and humanitarian concerns. (A) Define the concept of a state and describe two characteristics of a state. Coastal and marine areas: These are areas along the coast or in the ocean that are rich in biodiversity and provide opportunities for ecotourism activities such as snorkeling, diving, and whale watching. Can teach locals new skills. The value is the average of three statistics: basic literacy rate, infant mortality, and life expectancy at age one, all equally weighted on a 0 to 100 scale. It is characterized by a mix of private enterprise and government control. Country that has recently established an industrialized economy based on manufacturing and global trade. E&5)*:p kQaAx%ks-k*JZL! One example of post-Fordist production is the use of 3D printing to manufacture customized products on demand. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is how much money a country makes in a year from its products or services. Determine the costs assigned to the ending inventory when costs are assigned based on FIFO. For example, the construction of the Panama Canal led to the development of a growth pole in Panama City, as the city became a major transportation hub for shipping goods between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Answer: Transnationalism refers to the ways in which migrants maintain connections to their home countries while also adapting to their new communities. Technologies that are appropriate for a specific country. One of the stages of growth model, helping in the understanding of the role of information systems, in an organization's strategy and its maturity. An example of population distribution is the fact that China's natural physical conditions resulted in uneven population distribution. A country that isn't very powerful, nor weak. Answer: An example of a boundary dispute is the dispute between India and Pakistan over the territory of Kashmir. Geothermal energy: This type of energy is generated using heat from the earth's core to produce electricity or to heat and cool buildings. All Ive done is prompted ChatGPT as described above, and then with what ChatGPT returned, produced this post. Economic Sector (Business Services) - innovator or inventor. The amount of wealth or goods that people have. Refer to the information in the first quick study of this chapter and assume the periodic inventory system is used. C) Describe one way in which a lack of access to resources can impact the quality of life. These activities can take place in a variety of natural settings, including national parks, protected areas, and rural communities. f .=100,95d.f.=100,95 percent confidence. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. One example of such an organization is the United Nations, which is a global organization that seeks to promote international cooperation and resolve conflicts between states. *Involves more local communities and local workers. What causes changes in the economic world? People may be pulled to a HIC country, as there are more economic or educational opportunities. For instance, as more people move to cities, air pollution from transportation and industry can increase, and natural habitats may be destroyed to make way for urban development. Our population is just about to hit 8 billion. g. Law of Demand Compares the level of development of women with that of both sexes. The free-response question no stimulus found there reads as follows: In most countries, the concept of the state as a political unit is subject to the tensions between centrifugal and centripetal forces. Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are countries that are seeing a rise in economic development or industrialisation. refers to the level fo wealth, comfrot, mateial goods, and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class or geographic area. %%EOF Factors that contribute to boundary disputes include historical claims to territory, competing territorial interests, and differing interpretations of boundary lines. Required: 1. Does that sound easy enough to understand? What a state's dollar can actually buy compared to another state's dollar; what a country is able to buy. Let's take a look at some physical, economic, and historical causes of this uneven development. Examples include Yellowstone National Park in the United States, Serengeti National Park in Tanzania, and Galapagos National Park in Ecuador. e. demand curve nLy,En[SP NICs do secondary. Environmental determinism is the belief that the environment, most notably its physical factors such as landforms and climate, determines the patterns of human culture and societal development. A way to measure the extent of sex inequality set up by the UN Gini coefficient is a measure of inequality developed by an Italian statistician. On a separate sheet of paper, match the letter of the term best described by statement below. Economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions encouraging international trade. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Examples include the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt, and the Mayan ruins in Mexico. An example of deindustrialization is the decline of the manufacturing sector in the United States in recent decades. Develop a global partnership for development, the unequal distribution of people, resources and wealth that is a fundamental characteristic of human geography; the increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy, Economic Sector (Agriculture). It is characterized by a strong reliance on agriculture, trade, and the bartering of goods and services. Improve maternal health combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases. - Less developed countries. 3). As a result, many U.S. cities that were once reliant on manufacturing have experienced economic decline and social disruption. Most workers are in tertiary. Trade happens all over the world. This can impact the lives of migrants and the communities they leave and join by shaping cultural exchange and economic ties, such as through the creation of diaspora networks that facilitate trade and investment. (E) Describe ONE centripetal force that governments use to promote the state as a nation. roads, power supply, sewerage etc. In this unit, you will examine how supply and demand affect how a country can improve standards of living and how different economic systems can help citizens of a country gain more or less equality. It analyzes spatial interdependencies between social interactions and the environment through qualitative and . F) Explain the concept of environmental justice and describe one example of an environmental justice issue related to resource distribution. 488 0 obj <>stream hbbd```b``> "I0&HveL~`:LGMs\9 R*_" H4P$zEA"_00120M "?c Are you interested to find out how wealthy your family is compared to the rest of the world? Disease causes sickness (and death), meaning people cannot go to work. This is because healthcare is typically better, with more access to doctors, and investment into this sector is higher.