You can download the paper by clicking the button above. The Island of Borneo evokes a powerful exoticism. When I was studying at university in Germany (Germersheim), my professors often emphasized this point. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 20 May. The key conception here is the introduction of the exotic from abroad into a domestic economy (Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, 2000: 94). For very technical texts, where accuracy of content is king, it might be closer to -2 or -1. The Hollywood Reporter. In fact, as Charles Forsdick (2001: 21) has persuasively argued, the exotic gaze is a perspective from the other side, from outside and across geographical [or cultural] boundaries. It depends on the maintenance of boundaries, lest cultural difference and the sense of astonishment and wonder it evokes in the beholder, be preserved. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. Saids study of Europes most enduring exotic fantasies about the Middle East set the beginning for other postcolonial interrogations of romanticized projections of the cultural other by which the West continues to assert its superiority. What does exoticism mean? <> Of special importance is Edward Saids description of Orientalism as a discursive construction of European fantasies. Literal translation. Third-World Literature in the Era of Multinational Capitalism. Set in ninth-century China during the tail end of the Tang Dynasty, it tells the story of Nie Yinniang, a female assassin who is commissioned to kill a series of government officials. ." Was Van Vliet involved in some of Rembrandt's own etchings? An abundance of colors, sounds, smells, and tactile experiences promise to gratify the senses within an economy that gives free rein to consumption, unrestrained by political responsibility and ethical commitment to the real actors of exotic fantasies: that is, it disregards the role of disadvantaged people, coming mainly from third-world nations, who make a meager living from appearing in the dramatized fantasies staged in tropical holiday resorts and nightclubs. Finally, a more general consideration concerns the author's choice not to talk expressly about the question of, The final chapters are devoted to a critical examination of, This is especially regrettable, as it is of great interest with regard to musical, This article considers the 'pastoral mode' as a particular subspecies of musical. Birus, Hendrik (2004). Experience the exoticism of the Medina of Marrakech. In my last blog entry, I used the term exoticism. They expect world cinema filmmakers to continue the tradition of Third Cinema and use their films as platforms of postcolonial resistance, instead of becoming complicit in exoticising their own culture, even if this entails potentially forsaking critical or commercial success. I knew there was some discretion in translating and it was more of an art than a science, but I didnt realize how much discretion is involved. You can comment below, or link to this permanent URL from your own site. 303319. Social Text, 15, pp. Prostitution and the exploitation of countless women, children, and some men are side effects of exoticisms tendency toward aesthetic abstraction and voyeuristic commodification of its participating actors. Vanishing Paradise: Art and Exoticism in Colonial Tahiti, Berkeley: University of California Press. 309 0 obj 65: Arts of Display. What they find [] is what they already knew they would find, images predigested by certain platitudes and commonplaces. Ronys observation goes a long way in explaining why exotic forms of cultural representation often seem clichd and stereotypical. FRAGMENTARY INVENTORY OF DECEASED DISSIDENTS. Travelling Concepts: Postcolonial Approaches to Exoticism. endobj cat. This is why I also think that Google Translate is not a perfect solution for translation at a professional level. 316 0 obj 27 Apr. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. noun. Test your vocabulary with our fun image quizzes, Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English. To be sure, this does not normally apply to popular genre films predominantly targeting domestic viewers, although these sometimes become art films when exhibited abroad (Galt and Schoonover, 2010: 7) or, as the case of the wuxia pian (Chinese swordplay film) illustrates, are adopted by world cinema auteurs like Wong Kar-wai (Yi Dai Zong Shi/The Grandmaster, Hong Kong/China, 2013) and Hou Hsiao-hsien (Cike Nie Yin Niang/The Assassin, Taiwan/China/Hong Kong/France, 2015), who transform them into refined arthouse films. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! Tracing global and local aspects of design as it appears in idealized representations and in early modern Dutch historical objects, I argue that embodied experiences play key roles in the domestication of goods from overseas. Although this kind of cultural translation has, historically, been the domain of ethnography, it is by no means restricted to the scientific discourse on cultural difference. Add exoticism to one of your lists below, or create a new one. London and New York: Routledge. Vermeers Robe: Costume, Commerce, and Fantasy in the Early Modern Netherlands. Dutch Crossing 35 (2011), 17795. Ashcroft, Bill, Gareth, Griffiths and Helen, Tiffin (2000). 302 0 obj Exoticism in translation refers to using words or phrases which sound exotic in the translated language, because they are of foreign origin. Realist Cinema as World Cinema: Non-Cinema, Intermedial Passages, Total Cinema. It thus follows that, the exotic is not [] an inherent quality to be found in certain people, distinctive objects or specific places (Huggan, 2001: 13), but instead denotes a particular perception of cultural difference that arises from the encounter with foreign cultures, landscapes, animals, people and their customs that are either geographically remote or taken out of their original context and absorbed into a home culture, essentialized, simplified and domesticated (Forsdick, 2003: 48). A +2 translation. You can subscribe via RSS 2.0 feed to this post's comments. In most contemporary exotic films, visual pleasure is combined with haptic visuality (Marks, 2000), denoting a particular type of embodied perception that invokes memories of touch, with other forms of synaesthesia (the perception of one sensation by another modality) and intermodality (the linking of sensations from different domains) in order to reproduce the multi-sensory pleasure that has conventionally been associated with exoticism. Literal translation is your straightforward word-for-word translation. 297 0 obj Like world cinema, exoticism is a travelling concept that depends on mobility and the crossing of cultural boundaries to come into existence. Negra, Diane (2002). De Luca, Tiago (2013). 295 0 obj The Hollywood Reporter, Performing Exoticism, Autoethnography and Cultural Translation, http://www.goethezeitportal.de/db/wiss/goethe/birus_weltliteratur.pdf, https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jan/21/the-assassin-review-captivatingly-hypnotic-if-impenetrable-wuxia-tale, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/raise-the-red-lantern-1992, https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/assassin-cannes-review-797267, https://doi.org/10.1163/26659891-01020001. TWO APPROACHES TO A CATALOGUE RAISONN, In-Laws, Lawsuits and Money: Interpretations of Rembrandt van Rijn. Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English, Taylor does not always demonstrate successfully his stated aim: to uncover the social and historical context of, As a result, his argument is sometimes unfocused, his central interest in the relationship between, They are, rather, narrative agents whose actions move the stories forward and develop the authenticity and, I also met people who were fascinated by my ', Dance is a constant in any exotic plot, and is at the heart of operatic. This article examines why exoticism is central to thinking about the global dynamics of world cinema and its transnational reception. In A. Langer (Ed. Ethnic Food Fetishism, Whiteness, and Nostalgia in Recent Film and Television. Although this article examines how some contemporary world cinema filmmakers exoticise their own cultures, world cinema also exoticises other cultures. Yet rather than challenging the unequal power hierarchies implied in the ethnographers act of looking, in which non-Western cultures are invariably the object of the gaze, Fifth Generation Chinese filmmakers actively replicate the state of being looked at in their films (Chow, 1995: 180). In: Rosalind, Galt and Karl, Schoonover, eds., Global Art Cinema: New Theories and Histories. London and New York: Routledge. Thus, the kind of world cinema under consideration here is also known as global art cinema and conceived with global cinephiles rather than local mainstream audiences in mind.1, This raises the question of how global art cinema squares the circle of conveying a sense of local authenticity (one of the main attractions world cinema holds in store) while being simultaneously intelligible and appealing across different cultures. Questions addressed include: Did Rembrandt really hire Van Vliet as his printmaker, like Rubens hired Vorster-man, Pontius and others? Hou reduces the customary fast-paced battle scenes, which are the genres main attraction, to just a few brief moments. Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. Another Examples of Exoticism Exoticism in Translation Westerners, along with a westernized global elite, interact with one another against the background of scenery that refrains from challenging their privileges and supposed superiority. For When 'Lowdown Crook' Isn't Specific Enough. Benedict, Ruth Exoticisms multi-sensory appeal is especially evident in ethnic food films such as The Scent of Green Papaya, Yin Shi Nan Nu (Eat Drink Man Woman, Ang Lee, Taiwan/USA, 1994), Like Water for Chocolate, Politiki Kouzina (A Touch of Spice, Tassos Boulmetis, Greece/Turkey, 2003) and The Lunchbox (Ritesh Batra, India/France/Germany/USA/Canada, 2013), to mention but a few titles of this prolific genre. de Luca, 2013; Galt and Schoonover, 2010: 1517; Nagib, 2011; 2020. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. Sight & Sound, February, p. 68. Dynamic pace and action are replaced by an eerie stillness and languorous observational distance. 120. He was following in the footsteps of the painter Paul Gauguin, whose colourful paintings of semi-nude Polynesian women against the backdrop of lush tropical scenery have shaped the Western imagination of the Polynesian islands. She regards fiction films such as Chen Kaiges Huang tu di (Yellow Earth, China, 1984) and Zhang Yimous award-winning Ju Dou (China/Japan, 1990) and Dahong Denglong Gaogao gua (Raise the Red Lantern, China/Hong Kong/Taiwan, 1991) as a new type of ethnography practiced by those who were previously ethnographized and who have, in the postcolonial age, taken up the active task of ethnographizing their own cultures (Chow, 1995: 180). endobj Most critics in the West denounce exotic cinema and its commodification of cultural difference as unethical and exploitative. The Assassin vibrant colours and painterly image compositions convey sensual pleasure. In: Isabel, Santaolalla, ed., New Exoticisms: Changing Patterns in the Construction of Otherness. 1640. A Subaltern Studies Reader: 19861995. exoticism in American English. Find out the translation of exoticism to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator. Rousseau, George, and Roy Porter. Very interesting. Goethe was particularly interested in the European reception of the foreign, which points towards the Eurocentric perspective underpinning world literature. Katrien Lichtert, Christopher D M Atkins, Erik Verroken, Anne-Laure Van Bruaene, Angela Jager, Martine Vanwelden. % Improve your vocabulary with English Vocabulary in Use from Cambridge. endobj Coconut trees and torrid skies. If we conceive of world cinema and its transnational exhibition on the film festival circuit (and beyond) as such a contact zone then the interactive exchange occurring in this space is, on the one hand, the expectation of metropolitan audiences to encounter a particular kind of world cinema that corresponds to their exotic fantasies of Other cultures and, on the other hand, the creation of autoethnographic texts, that is, films made by non-Western filmmakers which appropriate the idioms of metropolitan representation (Pratt, 1992: 7). endobj The films narrative thwarts a long list of (Western) spectators expectations such as the one-to-one match of actor and character, expository detail on the character constellations and their backstories, as well as wuxias generic conventions. That, and not just its film-music exoticisms, is what keeps it alive today. London and New York: Routledge. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. . Chen has three wives already and Songlian, as his fourth wife or concubine, vies with the others for his attention and material favours, and much jealousy and intrigue ensue. Galt and Schoonover, 2010: 327. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. Likewise, we only need to consider Apichatpong Weerasethakuls films, whose radical alterity makes them extremely enigmatic, if not utterly perplexing for global audiences, to appreciate that they lack two essential characteristics of exoticism: firstly, their extreme Otherness precludes domestication, that is, integration into a familiar system of aesthetic and conceptual reference points and, secondly, they are largely devoid of the visual and sensuous allure that is a hallmark of exotic cinema. The encounter with the exotic Other has traditionally been imagined as a re-awakening of the senses that have been dulled by the repetitive humdrum of modernity (cf. This usually takes two forms: either discovering a common humanity that transcends cultural differences or recognising aesthetic forms and patterns familiar from European art cinema in world cinema. Their purpose is to show the exotic nature of the text. The study of world cinema is one of the most vibrant and fastest growing areas in film studies. <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF /Text]>>/Type/Page>> 4149. The different flora and fauna of their habitats the object of the exotic gaze, with all the inequities of power and agency this entails.2. Stephanie S. Dickey, Amsterdam 2017, pp. Essay on Exoticism: An Aesthetics of Diversity. The Family Romance of Orientalism: From Madame Butterfly to Indochine. It will either spit back whatever it has as The Translation for the source text (in its collective memory), or it is going to use its algorithms to aggregate what it thinks is the safest translation, which I suspect will either be a 0 or a +2 (in that range).