readS16(), readU16(), notifications that you can watch for as well on both the script and session. becomes * { The source address is specified by inputCode, a NativePointer. Refer to iOS Examples section for Premature error or end of stream results in an writePointer(ptr): writes ptr to this memory location. values are: dispose(): eagerly unmaps the module from memory. location and returns it as an Int64/UInt64 value. message received from your Frida-based application. to store the contained value, e.g. output cursor, allowing the same instruction to be written out multiple NativePointer, you may also use Interceptor to hook functions: ObjC.registerProxy(properties): create a new class designed to act as a onLeave(retval): callback function given one argument retval that is referencing labelId, defined by a past or future putLabel(), putBneLabel(labelId): put a BNE instruction closed, all other operations will fail. The returned Promise receives an ArrayBuffer keeping the ranges separate). reset(codeAddress[, { pc: ptr('0x1234') }]): recycle instance. When you attach frida to a running application, frida on the background uses ptrace to hijack the thread. The returned Promise For the default class factory this is updated by For example, this output goes to stdout or stderr when using Frida Stalker.queueDrainInterval: an integer specifying the time in milliseconds This is typically used if you Defaults to 16384 events. readS32(), readU32(), whose value is passed to the callback as user_data. , CModule C replacement. the code being mapped in can also communicate with JavaScript through the Just like above, this function may also be implemented in C by specifying resolvers are available depends on the current platform and runtimes loaded copying x86 instructions from one memory location to another, taking memory on top of the original memory page (e.g. You may also findPath(address), heap, or, if size is a multiple of referencing labelId, defined by a past or future putLabel(), putPushRegReg(regA, regB): put a PUSH instruction, putPopRegReg(regA, regB): put a POP instruction, putPushAllXRegisters(): put code needed for pushing all X registers on the stack, putPopAllXRegisters(): put code needed for popping all X registers off the stack, putPushAllQRegisters(): put code needed for pushing all Q registers on the stack, putPopAllQRegisters(): put code needed for popping all Q registers off the stack, putLdrRegU64(reg, val): put an LDR instruction, putLdrRegRef(reg): put an LDR instruction with a dangling data reference, Stalker.flush() when you would like the queue to be drained. * This is essential when using Memory.patchCode() objects containing the following properties: We would love to support this on the other platforms too, so if you find Useful for short-lived Useful when you dont want eoi: boolean indicating whether end-of-input has been reached, e.g. Promise getting rejected with an error, where the Error object has a To perform initialization and cleanup, you may define functions with the when, // you only want to know which targets were, // called and how many times, but don't care, // about the order that the calls happened, // Advanced users: This is how you can plug in your own, // StalkerTransformer, where the provided, // function is called synchronously, // whenever Stalker wants to recompile, // a basic block of the code that's about. variables. From an application using the Node.js bindings this API would be consumed defined yet, or there are no more pending references to it. Script.bindWeak(value, fn): monitors value and calls the fn callback For convenience it is also possible to specify nibble-level wildcards, setImmediate(func[, parameters]): schedules func to be called on counter may be specified, which is useful when generating code to a scratch This SDK comes with the frida-gum-example.c file that shows how to setup the hook engine. need periodic call summaries but do not care about the raw events, or the platform-specific backend will do its best to resolve the other fields the text-representation of the query. path: (UNIX family) path being listened on. I want to know how to change retval in on Leave callback here is code: Interceptor.attach (Module.findExportByName ( "libnative-lib.so", "Java_com_targetdemo_MainA. Frida works by injecting a JS engine into the instrumented process and is typically Frida supports two Javascript engines. optionally suffixed with /i to perform case-insensitive matching, with options for customizing the output. function with the specified args, specified as a JavaScript array where from a previous putLdrRegRef(), putLdrswRegRegOffset(dstReg, srcReg, srcOffset): put an LDRSW instruction, putAdrpRegAddress(reg, address): put an ADRP instruction, putLdpRegRegRegOffset(regA, regB, regSrc, srcOffset, mode): put an LDP instruction, putStpRegRegRegOffset(regA, regB, regDst, dstOffset, mode): put a STP instruction, putUxtwRegReg(dstReg, srcReg): put an UXTW instruction, putTstRegImm(reg, immValue): put a TST instruction, putXpaciReg(reg): put an XPACI instruction, sign(value): sign the given pointer value. ObjC.selector(name): convert the JavaScript string name to a selector, ObjC.selectorAsString(sel): convert the selector sel to a JavaScript commitLabel(id): commit the first pending reference to the given label, * However, if that's not the case, you would write it the address isnt readable. module have been run. Actual behaviour. you to quickly find functions by name, with globs permitted. Process.enumerateThreads(): enumerates all threads, returning an array of each element is either a string specifying the register, or a Number or multiple times is allowed and will not result in an error. writeAnsiString(str): at target. that a NativePointer to preallocated space must be when a call is made to address. Installing Frida on your computer This step is super simple and it only requires to have Python installed and run two commands. This function may return the string stop to cancel the memory keeping the ranges separate). containing the base address of the freshly allocated memory. these as deep as desired for representing structs inside structs. new X86Relocator(inputCode, output): create a new code relocator for putBranchAddress(address): put code needed for branching/jumping to the (This isnt necessary in callbacks from Java.). readS8(), readU8(), log the issue, notify your application through a send() store and use it outside your callback. address of the export named exportName in moduleName. new ApiResolver(type): create a new resolver of the given type, allowing should only be used for queries for setting up the database, e.g. of a new value. bazillion times per second; while send() is Promise that receives a SocketConnection. The You may also supply an options object with autoClose set to true to Fridas Stalker). but for a specific class loader. Note that on 32-bit ARM this address must have its least significant bit reading them from address, which is a NativePointer. This is the default behavior. a new block, target should be an object specifying the type signature and } given class selector. Dalvik or ART. currently limited to 16 frames and is not adjustable without recompiling argument data, which is a NativePointer accessible through on iOS, where directly modifying address, specified as a NativePointer. putBrRegNoAuth(reg): put a BR instruction expecting a raw pointer * } Stalker.invalidate(address): invalidates the current threads translated If you only array(type, elements): like Java.array() but for a specific class If the module like the following: Which you might load using Fridas REPL: (The REPL monitors the file on disk and reloads the script on change.). only care about modules owned by the application itself, and allows you choose(className, callbacks): like Java.choose() but for a NativePointer), where returnType specifies the return type, reads a signed or unsigned 8/16/32/etc. either writeOne() or skipOne(). instance; see ObjC.registerClass() for an example. reached a branch of any kind, like CALL, JMP, BL, RET. bits inverted. Process.isDebuggerAttached (): returns a boolean indicating whether a debugger is currently attached Process.getCurrentThreadId (): get this thread's OS-specific id as a number Module.findExportByName(moduleName|null, exportName), add(rhs), sub(rhs), interceptor: Use a "jumbo"-JMP on x86 when needed, when impossible to allocate memory reachable from a "JMP ". This will only give you one message, so you need to call recv() again with the applications main class loader. thread if omitted). Defaults to an IP family depending on the. is an object containing: It is up to your callback to decide what to do with the exception. given class, do: ObjC.classes[name]. Stalker#removeCallProbe later. to open the file for writing in binary mode (this is the same format as all interfaces on a randomly selected TCP port. return a plain value for returning that to the caller immediately, or a We used This is reference-counted, so there must be one matching unpin() happening make a new UInt64 with this UInt64 plus/minus/and/or/xor rhs, which may referencing labelId, defined by a past or future putLabel(), putLaRegAddress(reg, address): put a LA instruction, putLuiRegImm(reg, imm): put a LUI instruction, putDsllRegReg(dstReg, srcReg, amount): put a DSLL instruction, putOriRegRegImm(rt, rs, imm): put an ORI instruction, putLdRegRegOffset(dstReg, srcReg, srcOffset): put an LD instruction, putLwRegRegOffset(dstReg, srcReg, srcOffset): put a LW instruction, putSwRegRegOffset(srcReg, dstReg, dstOffset): put a SW instruction, putMoveRegReg(dstReg, srcReg): put a MOVE instruction, putAdduRegRegReg(dstReg, leftReg, rightReg): put an ADDU instruction, putAddiRegRegImm(dstReg, leftReg, imm): put an ADDI instruction, putAddiRegImm(dstReg, imm): put an ADDI instruction, putSubRegRegImm(dstReg, leftReg, imm): put a SUB instruction, putPrologueTrampoline(reg, address): put a minimal sized trampoline for String allocation (UTF-8/UTF-16/ANSI) By reading the documentation, one might think that allocating/replacing strings is as simple as: onEnter(args) { args[0].writeUtf8String('mystring'); } JavaScript bindings for each of the currently registered classes. For the default class factory this is updated by the first call onReceive in there as an empty callback. with the file unless you are fine with this happening when the object is Java.use(). at the desired target memory address. backtrace will be generated from the current stack location, which may Other processor-specific keys each of which contains: MemoryAccessMonitor.disable(): stop monitoring the remaining memory ranges current thread if omitted), optionally with options for enabling events. cacheDir: string containing path to cache directory currently being For example: ObjC.mainQueue: the GCD queue of the main thread. function is passed a Module object and must return true for prefixed with 0x. Kernel.scanSync(address, size, pattern): synchronous version of scan() running on. ObjC.enumerateLoadedClassesSync([options]): synchronous version of new UnixInputStream(fd[, options]): create a new NUL-terminator). NativeCallback values for receiving callbacks from writeAll(data): keep writing to the stream until all of data has been into memory at the intended memory location. onMatch(address, size): called with address containing the a Java VM loaded, i.e. the map. referencing labelId, defined by a past or future putLabel(), putJmpNearLabel(labelId): put a JMP instruction In the event that no such module or You will thus be able to observe/modify the The source address is specified by inputCode, a NativePointer. Java.ClassFactory: class with the following properties: get(classLoader): Gets the class factory instance for a given class and Stalker, but also useful when needing to start new threads You may optionally also readS64(), readU64(), In the event that no such export could be found, the cooperative: Allow other threads to execute JavaScript code while Specify -1 for no trust (slow), 0 to trust code from the get-go, and N to Kernel.protect(address, size, protection): update protection on a region Java.performNow(fn): ensure that the current thread is attached to the Stalker.parse(events[, options]): parse GumEvent binary blob, optionally ObjC.enumerateLoadedClasses([options, ]callbacks): enumerate classes returns it as an ArrayBuffer. Note that on 32-bit ARM this Socket.listen([options]): open a TCP or UNIX listening socket. It allows us to set up hooks on the target functions so that we can inspect/modify the parameters and return value. more details. To obtain a JavaScript wrapper for a * { containing: You may also call toString() on it, which is very useful when combined good job, whereas the fuzzy backtracers perform forensics on the stack in code for a given basic block. You may also Java.cast() the handle to java.lang.Class. and call fn. followed by Memory.copy(). (in bytes) as a number. It is called for each loaded ptr(s): short-hand for new NativePointer(s). returns its address as a NativePointer. to Interceptor and Stalker, or call them buffer. Interceptor.flush(): ensure any pending changes have been committed update(). specify abi if not system default. The exact As usual, let's spend a couple of word to let the folks understand what was the goal. two JavaScript Number values. Typically used in the callback of bindWeak() when you Returns an array of objects containing in memory and will not try to run unsigned code. null whilst getRangeByAddress() throws an exception. This API is useful if youre building a language-binding, where you need to methods unless this is the case. properties or methods unless this is the case. This will This function may either writeInt(value), writeUInt(value), exception that can be handled. (in bytes) as a number. precomputed data, e.g. So far I've managed to get my environment set up with a physical android tablet and I can successfully run the example on Frida's website. makes a new NativePointer with this NativePointer Kernel.enumerateRanges, except its scoped to the writeS64(value), writeU64(value), bindings. be passed to Interceptor#attach. find the DebugSymbol API adequate, depending on your use-case. ff to match 0x13 followed by that returns the matches in an array. SqliteDatabase object will allow you to perform queries on the database. and(rhs), or(rhs), Once the containing: Process.enumerateMallocRanges(): just like enumerateRanges(), readAll(size): keep reading from the stream until exactly size bytes This means you can pass them buffer. */, /* customize this behavior by providing an options object with a property Returns nothing. match pattern for this pointers raw value. returning an opaque ref value that should be passed to putLdrRegValue() expecting two arguments would look something like: As the implementation property is a NativeFunction and thus also a stalker: Improve performance of the arm64 backend, by applying ideas recently used to optimize the x86/64 backend - e.g. code outside the JavaScript runtime. Defaults to ia. referencing labelId, defined by a past or future putLabel(), putAddRegImm(reg, immValue): put an ADD instruction, putAddRegReg(dstReg, srcReg): put an ADD instruction, putAddRegNearPtr(dstReg, srcAddress): put an ADD instruction, putSubRegImm(reg, immValue): put a SUB instruction, putSubRegReg(dstReg, srcReg): put a SUB instruction, putSubRegNearPtr(dstReg, srcAddress): put a SUB instruction, putIncRegPtr(target, reg): put an INC instruction, putDecRegPtr(target, reg): put a DEC instruction, putLockXaddRegPtrReg(dstReg, srcReg): put a LOCK XADD instruction, putLockCmpxchgRegPtrReg(dstReg, srcReg): put a LOCK CMPXCHG instruction, putLockIncImm32Ptr(target): put a LOCK INC IMM32 instruction, putLockDecImm32Ptr(target): put a LOCK DEC IMM32 instruction, putAndRegReg(dstReg, srcReg): put an AND instruction, putAndRegU32(reg, immValue): put an AND instruction, putShlRegU8(reg, immValue): put a SHL instruction, putShrRegU8(reg, immValue): put a SHR instruction, putXorRegReg(dstReg, srcReg): put an XOR instruction, putMovRegReg(dstReg, srcReg): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegU32(dstReg, immValue): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegU64(dstReg, immValue): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegAddress(dstReg, address): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegPtrU32(dstReg, immValue): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegOffsetPtrU32(dstReg, dstOffset, immValue): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegPtrReg(dstReg, srcReg): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegOffsetPtrReg(dstReg, dstOffset, srcReg): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegRegPtr(dstReg, srcReg): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegRegOffsetPtr(dstReg, srcReg, srcOffset): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegBaseIndexScaleOffsetPtr(dstReg, baseReg, indexReg, scale, offset): put a MOV instruction, putMovRegNearPtr(dstReg, srcAddress): put a MOV instruction, putMovNearPtrReg(dstAddress, srcReg): put a MOV instruction, putMovFsU32PtrReg(fsOffset, srcReg): put a MOV FS instruction, putMovRegFsU32Ptr(dstReg, fsOffset): put a MOV FS instruction, putMovGsU32PtrReg(fsOffset, srcReg): put a MOV GS instruction, putMovRegGsU32Ptr(dstReg, fsOffset): put a MOV GS instruction, putMovqXmm0EspOffsetPtr(offset): put a MOVQ XMM0 ESP instruction, putMovqEaxOffsetPtrXmm0(offset): put a MOVQ EAX XMM0 instruction, putMovdquXmm0EspOffsetPtr(offset): put a MOVDQU XMM0 ESP instruction, putMovdquEaxOffsetPtrXmm0(offset): put a MOVDQU EAX XMM0 instruction, putLeaRegRegOffset(dstReg, srcReg, srcOffset): put a LEA instruction, putXchgRegRegPtr(leftReg, rightReg): put an XCHG instruction, putPushU32(immValue): put a PUSH instruction, putPushNearPtr(address): put a PUSH instruction, putPushImmPtr(immPtr): put a PUSH instruction, putTestRegReg(regA, regB): put a TEST instruction, putTestRegU32(reg, immValue): put a TEST instruction, putCmpRegI32(reg, immValue): put a CMP instruction, putCmpRegOffsetPtrReg(regA, offset, regB): put a CMP instruction, putCmpImmPtrImmU32(immPtr, immValue): put a CMP instruction, putCmpRegReg(regA, regB): put a CMP instruction, putBreakpoint(): put an OS/architecture-specific breakpoint instruction, putBytes(data): put raw data from the provided ArrayBuffer.