-f to tell frida to start the app. // size LSB (=1) indicates if it's a long string, // can also use `new NativeFunction(Module.findExportByName(null, 'mprotect'), 'int', ['pointer', 'uint', 'int'])(parseInt(this.context.x2), 2, 0)`, // for f in /proc/`pidof $APP`/fd/*; do echo $f': 'readlink $f; done, # print(" output: pid={}, fd={}, data={}".format(pid, fd, repr(data))), 'cat /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Example.framework/example', # /tmp/example: Mach-O 64-bit 64-bit architecture=12 executable, // to list exports use Module.enumerateExportsSync(m.name), "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0.so", "/system/lib64/android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0.so", "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1.so", "/system/lib64/android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1.so", "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0.so", "/system/lib64/android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0.so", "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-impl-2.1.so", "/vendor/lib64/hw/android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-impl-2.1.so", "/system/lib64/vndk-sp-29/android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0.so", "/system/lib64/vndk-sp-29/android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1.so", "/data/app/com.noodlecake.altosadventure-O2YLuwCOq7LbWSkRHkRLcg==/oat/arm64/base.odex", "/data/app/com.noodlecake.altosadventure-O2YLuwCOq7LbWSkRHkRLcg==/lib/arm64/libfrida-gadget.so", "/data/app/com.noodlecake.altosadventure-O2YLuwCOq7LbWSkRHkRLcg==/lib/arm64/libmain.so", "/data/app/com.noodlecake.altosadventure-O2YLuwCOq7LbWSkRHkRLcg==/lib/arm64/libunity.so", "/data/app/com.noodlecake.altosadventure-O2YLuwCOq7LbWSkRHkRLcg==/lib/arm64/libil2cpp.so", "/data/user_de/0/com.google.android.gms/app_chimera/m/00000278/oat/arm64/DynamiteLoader.odex", "/data/app/com.google.android.gms-j7RpxBsNAd3ttAYEdp2ahg==/oat/arm64/base.odex", "/data/app/com.google.android.trichromelibrary_432418133-X7Kc2Mqi-VXkY12N59kGug==/oat/arm64/base.odex", "/data/app/com.google.android.webview-w6i6OBFZ7T_wK4W4TpDAiQ==/oat/arm64/base.odex", "/data/app/com.google.android.webview-w6i6OBFZ7T_wK4W4TpDAiQ==/base.apk!/lib/arm64-v8a/libmonochrome.so", "/data/app/com.noodlecake.altosadventure-O2YLuwCOq7LbWSkRHkRLcg==/lib/arm64/libnativeNoodleNews.so", "/data/app/com.google.android.gms-j7RpxBsNAd3ttAYEdp2ahg==/base.apk!/lib/arm64-v8a/libconscrypt_gmscore_jni.so", // search "215" @ https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/jni/spec/functions.html, // intercepting FindClass to populate Map, // RegisterNative(jClass*, .., JNINativeMethod *methods[nMethods], uint nMethods) // https://android.googlesource.com/platform/libnativehelper/+/master/include_jni/jni.h#977, https://android.googlesource.com/platform/libnativehelper/+/master/include_jni/jni.h#129, // https://www.frida.re/docs/javascript-api/#debugsymbol, // methodsPtr.readPointer().readCString(), // char* name, // char* signature TODO Java bytecode signature parser { Z: 'boolean', B: 'byte', C: 'char', S: 'short', I: 'int', J: 'long', F: 'float', D: 'double', L: 'fully-qualified-class;', '[': 'array' } https://github.com/skylot/jadx/blob/master/jadx-core/src/main/java/jadx/core/dex/nodes/parser/SignatureParser.java, "_ZN3art3JNI21RegisterNativeMethodsEP7_JNIEnvP7_jclassPK15JNINativeMethodib", $ c++filt "_ZN3art3JNI21RegisterNativeMethodsEP7_JNIEnvP7_jclassPK15JNINativeMethodib", art::JNI::RegisterNativeMethods(_JNIEnv*, _jclass*, JNINativeMethod const*, int, bool), // output schema: className#methodName(arguments)returnVal@address, // package & class, replacing forward slash with dot for convenience, c/c++ variable type to javascript reader switch implementation, # TODO handle other arguments, [long, longlong..], :return: javascript to read the type of variable, 'Memory.readUtf8String(Memory.readPointer(args[%d])),'. What positional accuracy (ie, arc seconds) is necessary to view Saturn, Uranus, beyond? * frida hook JNI_OnLoad.init_xxxdlopenlibmsaoaidsec.so . follow are the IP address in hex). To setup a hook, we only have to provide a pointer to the function that aims at being hooked. so apparently the function address is a miss. args[1] = st; It also generated some boilerplate scripts for taking care i can hook any of the above exports successfully yet when i try to hook the below functions i get a export not found how can i hook these native functions? Frida JavaScript APIs are well described in the API documentation. rev2023.5.1.43405. The real magic happens when you start building your I assume you have to know the address and the new hex value of the encoded b.eq command. Hook native method by module name and method address and print arguments. It's not them. We can also alter the entire logic of the hooked function. * @param {NativePointer} retval - Return value represented By default they just print the name of the Preventing functions from being stripped from a static library when linked into a shared library? * do not worry about race-conditions. This is the general way of hooking functions in frida, but its up to you to determine which functions you think are important in the Android environment. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? You need to doe some RE on the functions you want to hook. i am reversing this android app for learning purposes and the app implements all of the interesting functionality on the native layer, so i ran the app on a arm android studio image and reversed the shared library .so the app is making calls to, using ghidra i managed to decompile to shared object into c and i found a lot of functions that make calls to each other and i also found functions that respect the jni naming convention. Regarding the code execution, we can profile it with: In the context of profiling LIEF, Im mostly interested in profiling the code at the functions level: * to be presented to the user. * Called synchronously when about to call recvfrom. #include Interceptor.attach(ptr("%s"), { DBI is a runtime analysis technique for code, be it source or binary. Would My Planets Blue Sun Kill Earth-Life? It will turn WiFi off on the creation of the first Acivity. It only takes a minute to sign up. connect() function in libc.so to take our new struct as its argument. Press CTRL + Windows + Q. Please modify to match the Frida: spawn a Windows/Linux process with command-line arguments, get a variable value from a method at runtime with frida, "Signpost" puzzle from Tatham's collection, the Allied commanders were appalled to learn that 300 glider troops had drowned at sea. bytes 0x1388, or 5000 in dec. It basically means "unnamed function at address 0x002d5044". Why are players required to record the moves in World Championship Classical games? following example): The following script shows how to hook calls to functions inside a target In a similar way to before, we can create a script stringhook.py, using Frida However, this cre """ If the Image base is not 0 you have to substract this values from the shown address to get the address you can use for hooking. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Did the drapes in old theatres actually say "ASBESTOS" on them? EDIT - issue identified. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Interceptor.attach(ptr("%s"), { Already on GitHub? This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. I'm pretty positive that the hooked functions are being called from the app through JNI native code. Content Discovery initiative April 13 update: Related questions using a Review our technical responses for the 2023 Developer Survey, Frida: DebugSymbol.fromAddress produces objects with null fields. Interceptor.attach(Module.getExportByName(null, 'connect'), { It is very similar to the -finstrument-functions, So now, add this offset to the base of your module like so: You can ensure it is the correct address by displaying the instruction at the place of the address by: To edit values, edit directly the this.context object. * Only one JavaScript function will execute at a time, so and always report 1337, until you hit Ctrl-D to detach from it. * this to store function arguments across onEnter/onLeave, Frida is particularly useful for dynamic analysis on Android/iOS/Windows applications. Addresses in Ghidra mostly shown as hexadecimal, base image address is definitely shown in hex, even if it is shown without prefix. Unexpected uint64 behaviour 0xFFFF'FFFF'FFFF'FFFF - 1 = 0? Create a file hook.py I'm pretty positive that the hooked functions are being called from the app through JNI native code. function, as you can see in the output above. something along the lines of: Thats nothing, though. #include To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. so what I wanted is that is there in frida a way to get all non-exported functions and their addresses to hook them. How a top-ranked engineering school reimagined CS curriculum (Ep. then passed into functions as pointer arguments. * This stub is somewhat dumb. // Module.getExportByName() can find functions without knowing the source The first command shows how to use frida-trace to trace all the JNI . # [ It's a little bit more meaningful to read as output :-D It also generated some boilerplate scripts for taking care of inspecting the function calls as they happen. (-j JAVA_METHOD, --include-java-method JAVA_METHOD include JAVA_METHOD -i FUNCTION, --include FUNCTION include [MODULE!]FUNCTION). Is it safe to publish research papers in cooperation with Russian academics? used data types is the struct in C. Here is a naive example of a program to your account. However, Frida's interceptor never seems to trigger. Regarding the API of our profiler, we would like to have : I wont go through all the details of the implementation of the profiler since the source code is on CMLoot : Find Interesting Files Stored On (System Center) Configuration Manager RedditC2 : Abusing Reddit API To Host The C2 Traffic. Sign in Such methods don't have a name and thus need to be accessed using their address. rev2023.5.1.43405. If we change the next 4 bytes we const st = Memory.alloc(16); Hacking, October 02, 2019 Use Git or checkout with SVN using the web URL. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. third terminal run ./struct_mod.py. We will then call this use this script with frida on our target application: frida -U -f com.example.app -l webview.js --no-pause. Create the file struct_mod.py as follows: Note that this script demonstrates how the Module.getExportByName() API can * as a NativePointer object. */. to use Codespaces. Ubuntu won't accept my choice of password. The one loaded by frida contains the hooked function pointer and using findExportByName won't return it's address. For some reasons, frida . Finally, Clang and GCC enable to we have to cast &LIEF::ELF::Parser::parse_symbol_version into a void*. """, #include This article shows the most useful code snippets for copy&paste to save time reading the lengthy documentation page. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. * https://frida.re/docs/javascript-api/ Lets take a simple example to explain what Frida does. 1 minute read. The first point is easy to solve: just take it from the chat hook when we call the "!tp" command. Under Settings -> Security you can install new trusted certificates. much the source code. * See onEnter for details. show-argument-type-count-and-return-value-type.js, Show argument type & count and type of return value for a function in a class, show-instance-variables-for-specific-class.js, Show all instance variables of a particular class, Show and modify arguments of a function inside a class, Show and modify return value of a particular method inside a class, Show contents of Cookies.binarycookies file, OpenSSL 1.0.2 certificate pinning hook on arm64, OpenSSL 1.1.0 certifiate pinning hook for arm64, it modifies cmp instruction in tls_process_server_certificate method. https://awesomeopensource.com/project/iddoeldor/frida-snippets, Categories: frida-trace -U com.foobar.helloworld -a libfoo.so!0x1234. Now, lets have a look at the generated recvfrom.js: Now, replace the log() line with the following: Save the file (it will be reloaded automatically) and perform some action in Calling native functions from Android Java - alternative to JNI, Linking cross-platform library to native android application. We can do the same by manipulating the struct At first I was thinking perhaps Frida does not hook routines that are not exported, but this thread seems to indicate that it should. * argument is a pointer to a C string encoded as UTF-8. It will return the un-modified function address from the first libfoo.so and causing my hook not working. For Windows 10 users, from the Start menu, select Windows Accessories, and then select Quick Assist. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. //, onLeave(retval) { What is this brick with a round back and a stud on the side used for? While hooking is generally used to get dynamic information The frida-trace documentation uses the term -j '*! We need to know: Address of the function we want to call; Return type; Argument number and type As arguments we need to pass the pointer to this and our Vector3. Note that the address shown in Ghidra may include also a fixed base address (named Image Base - to see it go to Window -> Memory map -> Set Image Base ). rev2023.5.1.43405. Why refined oil is cheaper than cold press oil? He also rips off an arm to use as a sword. #include , 's the serv_addr buffer: It also enables to quickly switch from a given SDK version To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. By. Moreover, since Valgrind instruments the code, it can take time to profile in the client terminal window, and netcat should now show the string sent Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. * Auto-generated by Frida. be used to find any exported function by name in our target. * June 30, 2022. but actually this will return all classes loaded in current process, including system frameworks. setup the hook engine. that creates a network socket, and connects to a server over port 5000, and Why does Acts not mention the deaths of Peter and Paul? difficult hours spent staring at dissassembly without end. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. } engineering not only for reverse-engineering :). to inject a string into memory, and then call the function f() in the following To reduce UI related functions I ues the following steps: Set hooks before DT_INIT_ARRAY ( source ), Example of quick&dirty iOS device properties extraction. Generating points along line with specifying the origin of point generation in QGIS, one or more moons orbitting around a double planet system. xcolor: How to get the complementary color, Two MacBook Pro with same model number (A1286) but different year. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Why did US v. Assange skip the court of appeal? Ex: Thanks for contributing an answer to Reverse Engineering Stack Exchange! This DoS bug was reported to Tencent, but they decided not to fix because its not critical. Print map of members (with values) for each class instance, Object.keys(ObjC.classes) will list all available Objective C classes, */, /** java.lang.reflect.Method#invoke(Object obj, Object args, boolean bool). For hooking a bunch of functions with Frida you can use frida-trace. How do the interferometers on the drag-free satellite LISA receive power without altering their geodesic trajectory? Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. With the recent release of Frida version 9, I got motivated to dive into it some more and figure things out by myself, since the Linux section is disappointingly dry at the moment.. Note that we need to load the script first before resuming if we need to perform early interception. LIEF starts to be quite mature but there are still some concerns regarding: These limitations are quite acceptable on modern computers but when Frida has the capability to patch memory, check Frida API documentation. * NativePointer object to an element of this array. For the impatient, heres how to do function tracing with Frida: So as you can see, Frida injected itself into Twitter, enumerated the loaded Why the obscure but specific description of Jane Doe II in the original complaint for Westenbroek v. Kappa Kappa Gamma Fraternity? we dont need to pass extra compilation flags nor modifying the source code. Bypass screenshot prevention stackoverflow question. we target embedded systems like iPhone or Android devices, it starts to reach the limits. * @this {object} - Object allowing you to access state The first step in using Frida for hooking is finding the target function. f(1911); How to hook methods with specific arguments in Frida? * etc. That is the address you can hook in Frida. Unfortunately I have experienced apps where not all classes seem to be loaded at the beginning of the app start. If nothing happens, download Xcode and try again. Thanks for contributing an answer to Reverse Engineering Stack Exchange! 565), Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. onEnter(args) { What differentiates living as mere roommates from living in a marriage-like relationship? """, """ execution time, the callback at the beginning of the function can initialize a std::chrono object I'm learning and will appreciate any help. You just have to insert the correct moduleName in the following code: Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! In this blog post, Im going to share about a double-free vulnerability that I discovered in WhatsApp for Android, and how I turned it into an RCE. re-direct our client to a different port. -U for USB mode. You always have to specify a class name and a method name and optional the search options. previously I loaded the lib into ghidra and auto analyzed it and then used this python script, just to get frida hooks on functions interested. You should now see frida - The specified child already has a parent. It support script for trace classes, functions, and modify the return values of methods on iOS platform. That is the address you can hook in Frida. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. * Called synchronously when about to return from recvfrom. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Extracting arguments from a list of function calls, Simple deform modifier is deforming my object, the Allied commanders were appalled to learn that 300 glider troops had drowned at sea, Embedded hyperlinks in a thesis or research paper. I assume you are using frida's method Module.findExportByName. examples that you are meant to edit to taste, and will be automatically reloaded now looks like I am getting a result, when I run the above frida script with slight modification of, Are you sure base is 00100000 and not 0x100000 (hex)? What does 'They're at four. However, do not use Also, you will notice that the native functions will be declared as native. The official definition from its tutorial page explains, frida-trace is a command line tool for "dynamically tracing function calls", and is part of the Frida toolset: frida-trace -U -i "Java_*" [package_name] frida-trace -U -I "openssl_ mybank.so" co.uk.myBank.